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Katalysis Partners Convene in Silicon Valley: An Exploration of the Future of 'Bootstrap Banking'



February 2004

(from left) Michael Chertok, Eloisa Acosta and Marcos Hernandez
Will Morgan talks with Abelardo Perez about the Katalysis strategy

In February 2004 microfinance leaders from Central America convened in Silicon Valley for a roundtable discussion about grassroots organizations that offer small loans to poor entrepreneurs. Hosted by the Skoll Foundation, this event included dialogue with staff from several organizations, including eBay Foundation, Community Foundation Silicon Valley, Hewlett Foundation, Philanthropy Workshop West and Social Change Consulting. This special event focused on analyzing the opportunities, challenges and trends in the field of microfinance in Central America.

The Katalysis leaders are part of a worldwide microfinance movement that aims to help impoverished, start-up entrepreneurs become economically self-sufficient. This "bootstrap banking" approach, originated by Muhammad Yunus in Bangladesh, has been replicated in 58 countries, lifting 67 million people out of poverty.

The 11 microfinance institutions which work together through the Katalysis Partnership make loans ranging from $49 to $400 to micro-entrepreneurs in Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala. They have been in operation from nine to 15 years and all are self-sustaining. Loans made during 2003 went to 87,000 borrowers and totaled $28 million.

Among the microfinance trends discussed at February's roundtable were:

  • INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: Technology has allowed lenders to approve loans and other financial services more quickly and offer them in remote rural areas. Armando Garcia, president of the Katalysis Network in Nicaragua, said personal digital assistants (such as Palm devices) allow him to access a prospective client's loan history and track it in real time, regardless of the terrain. Loans that used to require repeat visits over a two-week period can now be approved, on the spot, in 30 minutes. Some loans are made in areas with no running water, no clean water and no electricity, where the majority of people survive on about $1 a day.

  • TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE: Through technical assistance, microfinance institutions (MFIs) also have helped small operations leverage their strengths and scale their businesses. Santa de Euceda of ODEF (Organization for Women's Enterprise Development) in Honduras said her organization now gives out $5,000 loans to some businesses that used to borrow a mere $30.

  • SAVINGS: Honduras is the first - and so far only - Central American country whose regulatory framework allows qualifying MFIs to take client savings deposits. (Deposits from the public at large are still reserved for formal financial institutions.) However, in order to qualify for this added client service, Honduran MFIs have to meet certain financial and management requirements (liquidity, reserve, internal controls, external supervision), adjust management information systems and develop effective savings methodologies. Katalysis partner ODEF is the first Honduran organization qualified to take client deposits.

  • REMITTANCES: Microfinance institutions are earning revenues and serving the community by offering financial transaction services, such as transferring funds from other countries. In addition to brokering transfers, they offer financial advice to the recipients, telling them how they can better invest the funds and make them grow.

  • NEW OPERATION MODELS: As their assets grow, some self-sustaining microfinance institutions are transitioning from nonprofit organizations to regulated financial institutions. This topic was broached at the event when the dialogue focused on the challenges of operating within shifting tax and legal structures in developing countries. While the core operations of some Katalysis partners have been restructured to align with new laws in their country, none have transitioned into private companies.

  • RURAL MICROFINANCE: Traditionally, microfinance services in Central America have focused primarily on urban and semi-urban areas. Population density makes service delivery efficient which, in turn, keeps operating expenses manageable and favors the organization's move toward financial self-sufficiency. Providing financial services to rural families living in poverty requires innovation in loan products and delivery methodologies, as well as the application of information technology to make service delivery more efficient and less costly.

  • Jerry Hildebrand

    Jerry Hildebrand, president and CEO of Katalysis in Stockton, Calif., said, "The tool we are using to change people's lives is microfinance. These are not gifts; they are loans which are repaid with interest. The repayment rate on loans made through Katalysis partners is a healthy 97 percent."

    Collectively, the 11 organizations in Katalysis give 68 percent of their loans to women, and five of them give 75 percent or more of their loans to females. Hildebrand explained that more than 50 percent of women in the areas Kalaysis serves are single heads of household, and they don't have the same access to credit that men do. The have all the responsibility for the family and little access to opportunity.

    "With $200 or $300, a woman with a small store can make the inventory grow and increase her opportunities of selling," he said.

    The rich dialogue that was sparked at this roundtable event will be continued online at Social Edge (www.socialedge.org), the online community for social entrepreneurs. Please join the Social Edge community today as participants discuss:

    Christy Cory (left) chats with Jutta Von Gontard

    The luncheon meeting was hosted by the Skoll Foundation (www.skollfoundation.org), which has made financial contributions to support Katalysis programs. Skoll's mission is to advance systemic change to benefit communities around the world by investing in, connecting and celebrating social entrepreneurs.

    For more information about Katalysis, see www.katalysis.org, send an email to information@katalysis.org or phone (209) 943-6165.

    Contact:
    Terry Nagel - Skoll Foundation
    media@skollfoundation.org

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